An em dash (—) is the longest of the three dashes and can be used to set off a break in the sentence, as well as add emphasis. Em dashes are used to replace commas, parentheses, colons, and semicolons. The em dash is perhaps the most versatile punctuation mark. I tried using sharpkeys but it wouldn't let me use a chord, only single key press. , 1 May–13 June) To divide a compound adjective with two equal parts (e. 2. Some consider its use informal. Actual output : 1993 1995 Expected output : 1993 – 1995 I have done the UTF-8 encoding in Java but still getting the same output in the excel. It was first. The en dash, often overlooked, is a punctuation mark that can be used in place of an em dash. I wasn’t exaggerating when I said the em-dash was versatile—it can even take the place of the semicolon. To show a break in narration or conversation in place of an ellipsis. 2. Style guides often let you skip them. (stenoscript) The dash may be written low, along the baseline, or high, at x-height, as convenient for whichever letters it links to. Select the Close button to close the Find and Replace dialog box (see figure 7). If you're including terminal punctuation (period, question mark, exclamation mark), your speaker's sentence isn't being interrupted, so you wouldn't use em dashes at all. Proper use of punctuation marks can greatly enhance the readability and effectiveness of written communication. Use a dash instead of a comma when you want to strongly set off an idea. The em dash shows the break in thought and is clean and abrupt. Many programs also automatically create an em dash when you type two single hyphens together. In Google docs, use insert special character. This type of dash is usually used to omit a person's name or. 1)”Can we go to the cinema?” she asked. –5:00 p. JAWS is the most likely of the screen readers to read these kinds of punctuation marks. The word “em” is actually a typographical unit of measurement. 4. " I know you can replace em dashes with — and n-dashes with – (which should be done on the input side of your database); I don't know what the correct replacement for the smart quotes would be. Interrupters—like this right here—are words, phrases, or clauses that break the flow of writing. As a reminder, scare quotes are used to show when a phrase is being used in an ironic or nonstandard way—or perhaps it’s not a. Examples. “I didn’t expect to — “An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. How to create en dashes and em dashes. In formal writing, the em dash is often used to indicate a break or interruption in a sentence. To create an em dash on a PC, hold down the Alt key while typing 0151 on the numberpad of the keyboard. I went out with a guy based on his use of dashes once. 8. For example: The company’s profits have been steadily declining over the past year — a trend that is cause for concern. There are actually two different kinds of dashes. " A Word, Please: A look at the em dash, the hyphen and their rarely seen cousin, the. Em dashes are used to replace commas, parentheses, colons, and semicolons. | Grammar The em dash performs a versatile function to help separate certain words from the rest of a sentence. [Emphasis mine. [4] 3. Don’t confuse it with a hyphen (-). The em dash (—) is a versatile punctuation mark used to enhance the readability and clarity of written text. Most commonly, a dash connects an independent clause with another, with a related thought plus a conjunction like or, but, yet, as, for, and after the second dash. The correct use of question and exclamation marks. 4. Once again, the em-dash adds more emphasis than the traditional punctuation mark. pages 11–23. , May–December or 1995–2020) or pages (e. In general, em dashes should be avoided in formal writing because they are often used in place of necessary punctuation, parentheses, or further explanation. The other everyday use for em dashes—the one I use most—is to mark a break in thought within a sentence. Type a single dash or hyphen. An en dash (the shorter dash) expresses a range of values (times, years, dollar amounts). An en dash is. CORRECT: The score right now is 3–1. To punctuate dialogue correctly, there are a few rules you should know: The correct use of quotation marks. A dash is a break in thought, from one focus to another. If it helps, picture the em dash superimposed on the letter “M” and the en dash superimposed on the “N. The em-dash would indicate something like raising the eyebrows right at the end, or tilting the head down and looking up from under the. There is nothing wrong — informally at least — with using a dash after a question. Modern Japanese uses the question mark in the same way English speakers do to denote a question, be it typed or handwritten. 1969–1981. Hyphens might look like dashes, but they aren’t dashes. For example: C++ is a rich language—one requiring extensive experience to fully understand. If you’re adding extra information to clarify a sentence, you’re using a parenthetical expression. answered Jul 7, 2010 at 7:53. An em dash can also mark dialogue, signify an interruption, indicate a sudden break in thought, and introduce a list. The em dash, on the other hand, is a colorful punctuation mark — it can be used to make a strong point! The comma is great for describing, listing, and linking clauses, but it is easy for commas. Type the keyboard shortcut or caret code into the Find what text box (see figure 4). Just consider the following guidelines: • Note that em-dashes are more emphatic than commas. Mistakes with hyphens are very common: leaving them out when they’re needed, adding them when they’re unnecessary, or putting them. For instance, you would render a character named Mr. If the parentheses include an exclamation or question mark: Our road trip to Florida — we love to drive to see all the sights on the way! — took three days to. The dash works somewhat like parentheses or commas, but it is used where a stronger punctuation is needed. 6. I wasn’t exaggerating when I said the em-dash was versatile—it can even take the place of the semicolon. These marks are available in most word processors, though many people simply use single and double quotation marks: 5’ 10”. The en dash is twice as long as a hyphen and is most commonly used to signify a range between two words or numbers, for example the date range: 1990-2014. Make sure you switch on the Num Lock from the keyboard and you type the number from the Numpad and not from the top row of the keyboard. ”. The report covers the period 1998–1999. My WPF application is reading a text file and populating a listbox. Or. In addition, write the punctuation mark next to your translation. And Words into Type, third edition (1974), without referring explicitly to dashes, also agrees: Direct questions. The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary defines a dash as “the mark (—) used to separate parts of a sentence. Some writers even use three or more exclamation points, lest the reader not fully grasp the significance of what is being said. Consider the examples below: 3. ” Originally, typewriters had monospaced fonts (skinny letters and fat letters. Some methods for forming these punctuation marks on a PC: En dash—hold down the Alt key and type 0150 on the numeric keypad. g. Em dash (—) Twice as long as the en dash, the em dash can be used in place of a comma, parenthesis, or colon to enhance readability or emphasize the conclusion of a sentence. “What space?”. The employee—hoping to go home early—rushed her tasks. Punctuation Em-dash before question mark. Type a word. This is largely the result of the many different ways the comma is used. ex. [4] 3. Commas allow for a smoother read than dashes, which interrupt the sentence to draw the reader’s attention. (Note that AP style does not use en-dashes. In formal writing, an em dash is the width of an m and longer than both a hyphen and an en dash. You can use such punctuation as periods, commas, semi-colons, colons, parentheses, brackets, quotation marks, dashes, exclamation points, question marks and some others. (stenoscript) The dash may be written low, along the baseline, or high, at x-height, as convenient for whichever letters it links to. On cell phones running Android’s Gboard or iOS operating systems, press and hold the hyphen on the onscreen keyboard. Minus Sign: −. I am thinking the product_code value may actually contain an -en-dash- or an -em-dash- or something other than 0x2D that is getting displayed correctly (somehow) with the combination of CubeCart, PHP, the web server and the web browser. The en dash is a punctuation mark that is slightly longer than a hyphen (-) but shorter than an em dash (—). If you want to make your writing easier to read and generally look more professional, you should know what. Hold down. An em dash (—), the longest “dash,” is used as a substitute for a comma, colon, semi-colon, or parentheses and emphasizes information. It also has several uses, which we will look at below. Use the en dash ("short dash") to join inclusive numbers:. 1 Answer. The question mark can be followed with a dash where necessary: He left—would you believe it?—immediately after the ball. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. The main difference between them is that at least some. Hyphen A handy guide full of rules and examples so you can use the hyphen with confidence. Use of it is more common in formal academic writing that must cite sources. en-dash — Midsized hyphen (–) named en-dash because the dash historically is the length of a lowercase m. An em dash (—) is used to mark an interruption, as mentioned above (“What the—”), or material set off parenthetically from the main point—like this. When a colon and a comma. Hence, 12/5/2010 means December 5, 2010, in American usage. Dashes are used to separate two words into statements. This suggests that a question mark is "stronger" than a period and is the mark that is retained. Em dashes can also signal an interruption or a sudden change in the direction a writer was heading with a particular sentence. An en-dash is also used as a minus sign as in –10°F. The en dash is less well known than. ” But the width of the two dashes isn’t the only thing that separates the two. m. Mark said: “I am confused if I should finish them with one of the final stop punctuation marks (when, as I read, 1- every sentence must be finished by an appropriate punctuation mark [the final stop], and 2- neither the dash nor the ellipsis are the final stop punctuation marks). The final, foolproof way to type an em dash in Word is to go to the. Period, question mark, exclamation mark, comma. Share. Most commonly, a dash connects an independent clause with another, with a. (The exclamation point, like the question mark [see 8. Imagine someone saying the line, rather than it being inner monologue. Dash. Em dash: 2015 ― Horizontal bar: 2017 ‗ Double low line: 2018 ‘ Left single quotation mark: 2019 ’ Right single quotation mark: 201A ‚ Single low-9 quotation mark: 201B ‘ Single high. In fiction, as in other kinds of writing, you'll still want to use the em dash to indicate. When you spin the wheel, punctuation marks appear, including: period, comma, question mark, hyphen, dash, parentheses, apostrophe, ellipsis, quotation mark, colon, semicolon, exclamation point. 1. The example I saw comes from a tweet, reproduced here for convenience: "For today in the city of David there has been born for you a Savior—not a divine social justice warrior, not a liberation. An em dash is a punctuation mark that can be used to replace commas, parentheses, colons, and semicolons. Dashes are used to separate groups of words, not to separate parts of words like a hyphen does. g. But other style guides might say something else—so, unfortunately, there is no. @Kenny LJ, please remember there are no absolute rules about the use of any kind of dash as opposed to others… so em-dashes matter here only in the guidelines specified by your house style-book. The term “em dash” comes from the field of typography—an “em” is a width equivalent to the height of a given font. Paréntesis (Parentheses) 10. C-----. There are two types of dash. I think the real question is whether it's allowed. TWO-EM DASH U+2E3A: Pd, dash Common ⸻ THREE-EM DASH U+2E3B: Pd, dash Common ⹀ DOUBLE HYPHEN U+2E40: Pd, dash Common 〜 WAVE DASH U+301C: Pd, dash Common 〰 WAVY DASH. In Word, you’ll hold down Shift+ Option+minus rather than the Ctrl+Alt+minus mentioned above. e. For further reasons, why you should use T1 encoding, have a look at this question: Why should I use usepackage[T1]{fontenc}? You should use a. To Indicate Interruption in Dialogue, Use An Em-Dash. For example: (1) Em dashes can replace colons. Actual output : 1993 1995 Expected output : 1993 – 1995 I have done the UTF-8 encoding in Java but still getting the same output in the excel. The Unicode standard introduced a separate character U+2015 ― HORIZONTAL BAR to be used as a quotation dash. I agree that it should try to match the size of the missing word. Quotation marks may be used to indicate that the. I believe you can also type a space before typing the quote, then delete the space. ”. Thanks very much for your reply, Jennifer. The dash kind of serves that role, because it's a very fancy actor. Note, however, that if the quoted material itself ends with a question mark or exclamation point, the. The em dash, also known as the mutton dash or em rule, refers to the em. SQL*Plus inherits character set from. QUESTION MARK U+003F: Po, other Common @ COMMERCIAL AT U+0040: Po, other Common REVERSE SOLIDUS U+005C: Po,. The em dash should be used sparingly in your writing. En Dash Examples. Microsoft Word shows the em dash as soon you press enter after finishing the. — Este libro es mío. This means we only use one em dash instead of two when the interruption comes at. No comma is implied. ”. I have the same issue in my asp. The em dashes are used here to indicate that the information within them is rather shocking. Many people use these two dashes interchangeably. ” Em dashes are the most versatile, nuanced, and. For instance, you would render a character named Mr. Select the Replace, Replace All, or Find Next button (see figure 6). It has three primary functions: to connect two words and make them into a compound, to separate parts of a word at the end of a line, and to separate a prefix or suffix from a root word. Then, after you press the space bar after the word after the dash, most word processing programs will turn those two little hyphens‐‐into an em dash—like so. I solved by this link. An em dash derives its name from being the approximate width of a capital M. The exclamation point and question mark denote strong emotion or a question, respectively. Here are the two simple steps to type the — using Alt code from your keyboard. First, there are two kinds of dashes, called en dashes and em dashes. Actually, the rules are fairly set on spaces before or after an "em-dash" -- you don't use them. It is the doppelgänger of the. The other function is to punctuate compound modifiers that include an open compound or two or more hyphenated compounds. The en dash also signifies an abrupt change. It depends on one thing: trust. "SAMPLE - TEXT". " "The sixth edition. Note: When the second clause expands on or explains the first, the colon is the better mark. Etc. E. g. This is really useful if you're a few words over the 650 word limit and need to trim a bit. Easily find character codes for the HTML # sign, HTML @ symbol (at symbol), HTML percent sign, HTML ampersand (& HTML code), HTML copyright symbol and HTML caret insertion point, along with regular punctuation like the question mark, exclamation point, non-breaking hyphen, non-breaking space and more. The em dash is as wide as the letter m—about twice as wide as a hyphen. En dashes have a space on either side of the dash – like this. punctuation. I know I could—and probably should—just remove the question mark, having only the em dash for separation, but then that gets rid of that question-like tone I want the reader to have. Some word processing programs read the two hyphens automatically as the single mark of punctuation known as. Em Dash vs. Note: An en dash is slightly longer than a hyphen. The longer em dash (—) is used to separate extra information or mark a break in a sentence. Write with Grammarly What is an em dash? Em dashes differ from other hyphens and dashes not only in usage, which we will discuss shortly, but also in appearance. That may occasionally appear in old writing, where em dashes after commas and semicolons are more common. The question mark needs to go after Language. —respondió Carlos. Ah, the ol’ 疑問符 (ぎもんふ ) — gimonfu, a. The hyphen is used to connect words, such as in compound adjectives or to divide words at the end of a line. Although the en dash and em dash are the most commonly used types of dashes, there is another type of dash called the 3-em dash (the size of three em dashes). The em dash is primarily used to emphasize or add additional information to a. An en dash is always used without any space before or after it. Clark went to the Miami Heat – Boston Celtics game. The raya is used to clarify something, in a similar way to parentheses. This makes them a useful punctuation mark when we want to convey an argument or rapid back-and-forth dialogue between characters. To insert an em dash in MS Word, you must: Type a word (don’t put a space after it) Type two hyphens. This is also true for the dot part of the question mark, and exclamation mark. ” No spaces on either side of the em dash. What is the difference between en and em dashes? The shorter en dash (–) is used to mark ranges and with the meaning “to” in phrases like “Dover–Calais crossing. To create an em-dash on a Mac computer, hold down the shift and option/alt and type -. Parentheses diminish the importance of a phrase, while dashes enhance it. Examples. A period may precede an em dash if it is part of an abbreviation (see also 14. The em is the longest in the dash suite. Em dashes can be used similarly to parentheses and commas, however, they are usually considered. 27, 2015. En dash. Very heavy reverse solidus. Typically I replace special characters with plain text but on some occasions desire to replace them with other. Another way to create them is to press and hold Alt and type 0151 on a Windows device or select Option, Shift, and the hyphen key ( ‐) on a Mac. 1986–1998Tip. There are specific rules for punctuating that, too: StutterThe Function of the Em Dash The em dash ( — ) is usually an alternative to another punctuation mark. The en-dash is commonly used to show range as in dates (e. Mac. It's a completely different use case. An em-dash can be used alone, as in this example from the online The Punctuation Guide: After months of deliberation, the jurors reached a unanimous verdict—guilty. Aether (or æther) is an obsolete spelling of the noun with various definitions relating to air, chemical compounds, and nonexistent clear elements filling outer space. In 3, the dash is used in place of a comma, since the change in tone is occuring at the same time as the dialog is being spoken, or near enough that it's the same action. An em dash is the width of the letter "m" in the font and type size being used, and should never be used in place of an en dash or hyphen. Em dash: —. Go to the system preferences and choose "Language & Text". The em dash is the chameleon of punctuation marks. 3. Don’t overthink it—let intuition guide you. b) The Kingdom of Bahrain has a settled well-educated population. By Jessica Bennett. Write an em dash. This type of dash is used to indicate a range, especially between numerical quantities like scores and dates. The dash is a great way to indicate an abrupt change of thought or a parenthetical statement, and sometimes this may be useful after a question is complete. A dash (em dash) is emphatic. Parenthetical expressions, despite their name, don’t always have to be between parentheses. The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. Several options will pop up, including the em dash. Guion Largo o Raya – Em Dash. Note that although this answer cites only CMOS, I'm fairly confident (based on experience) that most major style. The most common rule when using parenthetical phrases is to use the correct punctuation mark: commas, em dash, or a pair of parentheses. Spaniards actually have a bit of a hard time when learning those alternative uses in. Semicolons separate two independent clauses. Always follow the punctuation rules in formal writing to make your work clearer and more readable. Treat etc. ” Stutters, Stammers, and Pauses. ; fibre everywhere else. left single quotation mark: 146 ’ right single quotation mark: 147 “ left double quotation mark: 148 ” right double quotation mark: 149 • bullet: 150 – en dash: 151 — em dash: 152 : ⃜ : small tilde: 153 ™ trade mark sign: 154 : š : Latin small letter s with caron: 155 › single right-pointing angle quotation mark: 156 : œ. Ellipses for omitted material spanning two or more sentences. as you would the phrase and the rest. Example: “I didn’t say—”. They are named en dashes but they are as wide as the letter N. How to easily type various punctuation signs (§ ¶ ‽) using. This technique is best suited for creative or informal writing. Punctuation marks, like words and paragraph breaks, are tools. En Dash Examples. How to use en dashes. However, I can't recall an em dash being used according to your first case in modern publishing. For example, don’t use a dash to begin the interrupter and a comma. Follow. Included marks are the period, comma, semi-colon, colon, question mark, exclamation point, quotation mark, parenthesis, and dash. The ellipsis suggests that Isaac cannot concentrate. Example: She gave him her answer—No! Exclamation Mark (!) An exclamation mark is used to show emphasis. If you prefer, you can configure your keyboard in Windows to accept Unicode codepoint numbers, instead of "traditional". Formally, this job is reserved for the em dash, but there is some leniency in use depending on the publisher. In general, the em dash is seen as being more interruptive or striking than other. Em dashes. This method can get messy if you have more than two speakers in a conversation, so use it with care. By changing the console code page to something that does support the en dash character, such as 1252, this problem may be corrected. If you want to stop -- from being turned into — (emdash) you need to use the + button and add a new rule to replace -- with -- (replace with itself) Or, right click in a text field and go to "Substitutions" and disable "Smart. Typesetters will most likely try to track you down and beat you to death if they. These two types of dashes serve different purposes: The EN dash, the shorter of the two dashes, is used to mark ranges. “Wait!” she shouted. AP style calls for a space on both sides of an em dash, but most other styles, including MLA and APA, omit the spaces. Use an em dash (a symbol that is longer than a hyphen) when the speaker stops speaking on their own or is interrupted. Esempi: When the course finally started — nearly two months after it was organized — the student could not attend. In almost every instance, you should place the footnote marker after the punctuation. An em dash is a punctuation mark used to separate elements within a sentence, typically words or phrases that are too long to be separated by commas or need a dramatic pause during reading. In the second example below, an em dash is more common than a colon, though the use of a colon is nevertheless correct. A single em dash character or a tilde may also be used. These are the em dash (—) and the en dash (–). Depending on the context, the en dash is read as “to” or “through. These dashes differ not only in their length but also in the function they perform in a sentence. There is no difference in meaning between fiber and fibre. American usage puts the month first, followed by the day, and then the year. Follow the end quotation mark with an em dash and the action or thought and then another em dash. The employee, hoping to go home early, rushed her tasks. In terms of punctuation marks like this, the em dash is the most extended dash, which can replace parentheses, colons, and commas. It looks like this: — It’s called an em dash because its width is about the same as a lower-case letter em (m). 🙽. This eliminates option B. Like commas and parentheses, em dashes often set off descriptive or parenthetical information. If you’re operating on a Mac, the basic instructions for MS Word and Google Docs above should still apply — though you’ll have different keyboard shortcuts. is omitted in deference to the question mark". , the India–Pakistan issue) To extend sentences just like colons, semicolons, and three dots (e. APPLICATION. On a typewriter, a comma or a period takes the same amount of space as any other letter. C-----. I've found questions asking about an em dash in quoted speech, and punctuation rules for em dashes in quotes, but this question is quite different. Learn how to use each type in a sentence with these examples and best practices. Key stroke shortcuts: em-dash = alt + 0151; en-dash = alt + 0150. Just like in narrative, dashes can be used in dialogue to set off clauses within sentences. Collingwood as Mr. Please read pages 70–77 in your text. 91 Em dashes in lieu of quotation marks; 6. AP refers to these simply as dashes and requires a space on either side. Comillas españolas (Angle Quotes) and Comillas inglesas (Quotation Marks) Where to Practice Using Spanish Punctuation; Find and Correct the Mistakes in the Following. For degrees, use a space between the en dash and the degree and the emphasis. In dialogue, question marks, exclamation points, and em dashes typically fall within closing quotation marks. Em dashes can replace ellipses to show an abrupt break in a conversation. The em dash is a versatile mark used to define, explain, and insert material. g. Examples. They are useful for emotionally-loaded dialogue interruption, because emotions act quickly on the brain. 1. When. The most flexible and versatile punctuation mark—the Em Dash. Use to indicate duration or continuing or inclusive numbers such as dates, times or reference numbers, use an en-dash (a slightly. It is longer than a hyphen (-) or an en dash (–). Being so versatile can create confusion if overused, therefore it is best limited to two appearances per sentence. Type another word. It was originally a humorous and slightly sanitized version of the curse word, but it has become the standard form. If you guessed that it’s as wide as the letter “M,” you get a gold star. The Dash. What ‽ When your sentence calls for a question mark and an exclamation mark, the interrobang is the punctuation mark you need. What Are Dashes? – or — There are two types of dashes: en dashes and em dashes. The space needed after these punctuation marks is proportioned automatically. DASHES. An En dash is half the width of an Em dash. Punctuation is the tool that allows us to organize our thoughts and make it easier to review and share our ideas. A hyphen (-) is the shortest “dash” and. So I wouldn't say that the dash as an actor can perform the same roles as terminal punctuation, as periods or question marks or exclamation points, but. SQL Developer is Java based which does not use NLS_LANG settings but SQL*Plus does, so you have to set NLS_LANG properly. nouns followed by numerals or letters. Comments. 89 Em dashes with other punctuation; 6. The president’s speech both began and ended with the word “freedom. Ellipsis, dash, and colon. And be careful to not mix different punctuation marks. However, if the punctuation mark is a dash (i. The commands extendash and extemdash are also used to produce en-dash (–), and em-dash (—), respectively. As an outcome those characters are generated in the excel as shown below, which contains a kind of question mark. There are three options: Period. The Latin preposition cum means “combined with,” “also used as,” or “along with being. 89: "In modern usage, a question mark or an exclamation point—but never a comma, a colon, or a semicolon—may. 5. Or you can create an em dash by typing Ctrl+alt+minus on your number pad. When you type the hyphen, en dash, and em dash, no spaces should appear on either side of the punctuation mark. Most likely it's an en dash or em dash rather than a real hyphen or minus symbol. Press the space bar. That may occasionally appear in old writing, where em dashes after commas and semicolons are more common. 48 The En Dash, Numerals. Windows. Perhaps a door was closed on the speaker’s face, cutting off her sentence. [Emphasis mine. Press the Spacebar. If the interruption occurs at the. You will only be tested on the rules of the em dash, which is what we’ll cover here. Character encoding is a link between the visual representation of a character (like a registration mark or em-dash) and the bytes that store them in memory. The main use of em dashes is to set off extra information in a sentence. The em dash (—) is a versatile punctuation mark used to enhance the readability and clarity of written text.